Roger de Clare, 2nd Earl of Hertford

Notes:

Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_de_Clare,_2nd_Earl_of_Hertford

He was a powerful Norman noble during the 12th century England. He succeeded to the Earldom of Hertford when his brother Gilbert died without heirs. His other titles were 5th Lord of Clare, 5th lord of Tonbridge, 5th Lord of Cardigan.

Roger was a son of Richard Fitz Gilbert de Clare and Alice de Gernon. In 1153, he appears with his cousin, Richard Strongbow, Earl of Pembroke, as one of the signatories to the Treaty of Wallingford, in which Stephen recognizes Prince Henry as his successor.

He received from Henry II a grant of whatever lands he could conquer in South Wales. This is probably only an expansion of the statement of the Welsh chronicles that in about 1 June 1157 he entered Cardigan and captured the castles of Humfrey, Aberdovey, Dineir, and Rhystud. Rhys ap Gruffydd, the prince of South Wales, appears to have complained to Henry II of these encroachments. There constant skirmishes and battles between the Welsh and de Clare with King Henry II leading an army into Wales in 1165, resulting in Cardigan being overrun and the Norman castles burned.

Roger had been abroad for part of this time, and is found signing charters at Le Mans, probably about Christmas 1160, and again at Rouen in 1161. In July 1163 he was summoned by Archbishop of Canterbury, Thomas Becket, to do homage in his capacity of steward to the archbishops of Canterbury for the castle of Tunbridge. His refusal, based on the grounds that he held the castle of the king and not of the archbishop, was supported by King Henry II.

Early in 1170 he was appointed one of a band of commissioners for Kent, Surrey, and other arts of southern England. His last known signature seems to belong to June or July 1171, and is dated abroad from Chevaillée. He appears to have died in 1173, and certainly before July or August 1174, when we find Richard, Earl of Clare, his son, coming to the king at Northampton.

Roger married Maud (Matilda) de St. Hilaire, daughter of James de St. Hilaire and Aveline. Together they had seven children:

1. Mabel de Clare, d. 1204, m. (c. 1175), Nigel de Mowbray.

2. Richard de Clare, b. c. 1153, Tonbridge Castle, Kent, England, d. 28 November 1217, 3rd Earl of Hertford

3. James de Clare

4. Aveline de Clare, d. 4 June 1225, m. [1] (c. 1204), Geoffrey IV Fitz Piers (Fitz Peter), 1st Earl of Essex. m. [2] Sir William Munchensy, (b. c. 1184), son of Warin de Munchensy and Agnes Fitz John.

5. Roger de Clare, d. 1241, Middleton, Norfolk, England.

6. John de Clare

7. Henry de Clare


Buried:
Grave location, biography, and abbey photo:
http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=60900403

Roger married Maude (Matilda) de St. Hilaire. Maude was born 1132, Buckenham, Norfolk, England; died 1193, Buckenham, Norfolk, England; was buried , Saint Peter And Saint Paul, Carbrooke, Norfolk, England. [Group Sheet]

1. Aveline de Clare, Countess of Essex was born ca 1178; died 1225, Norfolk, England; was buried , Shouldham Priory Shouldham, Norfolk, England.

Notes:

Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Fitz_Gilbert_de_Clare

Richard was the eldest son of Gilbert Fitz Richard de Clare and Adeliza de Claremont. Upon his father's death, he inherited his lands in England and Wales.

Directly following the death of Henry I, hostilities increased significantly in Wales and a rebellion broke out. Robert was a strong supporter of King Stephen and was a royal steward at Stephen's great Easter court in 1136. He was also with Stephen at the siege of Exeter that summer and was in attendance on the king on his return from Normandy. At this point, Richard apparently demanded more land in Wales, which Stephen was not willing to give him.

In 1136, Richard had been away from his lordship in the early part of the year. He returned to the borders of Wales via Hereford in the company of Brian Fitz Count, but on their separating, Richard ignored warnings of the danger and pressed on toward Ceredigion with only a small force. He had not gone far when, on 15 April, he was ambushed and killed near Llanthony Abbey, north of Abergavenny. Today the spot is marked by the 'garreg dial' (the stone of revenge). He was buried in Tonbridge Priory, which he founded.

Richard married Alice, sister of Ranulf de Gernon, 4th Earl of Chester, by her having:

1. Gilbert Fitz Richard de Clare, d. 1153 (without issue), 1st Earl of Hertford.

2. Roger de Clare, d. 1173, 2nd Earl of Hertford.

3. Alice de Clare (Adelize de Tonbridge), m. (1) about 1133, Sir William de Percy, Lord of Topcliffe, son of Alan de Percy and Emma de Gant; (2) Cadwaladr ap Gruffydd, brother of Owain Gwynedd

4. Robert Fitz Richard de Clare, perhaps died in childhood

5. Rohese de Clare, m. Gilbert de Gant, Earl of Lincoln.

The Welsh won a crushing victory over the Normans at the Battle of Crug Mawr, just outside Cardigan. The town of Cardigan was taken and burnt, and Richard's widow, Alice, took refuge in Cardigan Castle, which was successfully defended by Robert Fitz Martin. She was rescued by Miles of Gloucester, who led an expedition to bring her to safety in England.

Buried:
Grave location, biography, and historical photos:
http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=63613455

Richard married Alice de Gernon. [Group Sheet]

Notes:

Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Fitz_Gilbert_de_Clare

Richard married Alice, sister of Ranulf de Gernon, 4th Earl of Chester, by her having:

1. Gilbert Fitz Richard de Clare, d. 1153 (without issue), 1st Earl of Hertford.

2. Roger de Clare, d. 1173, 2nd Earl of Hertford.

3. Alice de Clare (Adelize de Tonbridge), m. (1) about 1133, Sir William de Percy, Lord of Topcliffe, son of Alan de Percy and Emma de Gant; (2) Cadwaladr ap Gruffydd, brother of Owain Gwynedd

4. Robert Fitz Richard de Clare, perhaps died in childhood

5. Rohese de Clare, m. Gilbert de Gant, Earl of Lincoln.

The Welsh won a crushing victory over the Normans at the Battle of Crug Mawr, just outside Cardigan. The town of Cardigan was taken and burnt, and Richard's widow, Alice, took refuge in Cardigan Castle, which was successfully defended by Robert Fitz Martin. She was rescued by Miles of Gloucester, who led an expedition to bring her to safety in England.

Notes:

Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert_Fitz_Richard

Gilbert, born before 1066, was the second son and an heir of Richard Fitz Gilbert of Clare and Rohese Giffard. He succeeded to his father's possessions in England in 1088 when his father retired to a monastery;his brother, Roger Fitz Richard, inherited his father's lands in Normandy. That same year he, along with his brother Roger, fortified his castle at Tonbridge against the forces of King William Rufus. But his castle was stormed, Gilbert was wounded and taken prisoner. However he and his brother were in attendance on King William Rufus at his death in August 1100. He was with Henry I at his Christmas court at Westminster in 1101.

In 1110, King Henry I took Cardigan from Owain ap Cadwgan and gave the Lordship of Cardigan, including Cardigan Castle to Gilbert Fitz Richard. Gilbert founded the Clunic priory at Stoke-by-Clare, Suffolk. He died in or before 1117.

About 1088, Gilbert married Adeliza/Alice de Claremont, daughter of Hugh, Count of Clermont, and Margaret de Roucy. Gilbert and Adeliza had at least eight children:

1. Richard Fitz Gilbert de Clare, d. 1136.

2. Gilbert Fitz Gilbert de Clare, d. 1148, 1st Earl of Pembroke.

3. Baldwin Fitz Gilbert de Clare, d. 1154, m. Adeline de Rollos.

4. Adelize/Alice de Clare, d. 1163, m. (ca. 1105), Aubrey II de Vere, son of Aubrey I de Vere and Beatrice. She had 9 children and in her widowhood was a paid pensioner at St. Osyth's, Chich, Essex.

5. Hervey de Clare, Lord of Montmorency.

6. Walter de Clare, d. 1149.

7. Margaret de Clare, d. 1185, m. (ca. 1108), Sir William de Montfitchet, Lord of Stansted Mountfitchet.

8. Rohese de Clare, d. 1149, m. (ca. 1130), Baderon of Monmouth

Buried:
Grave location, biography, and historical drawing of the priory:
http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=159792533

Gilbert married Adeliza de Clermont. Adeliza (daughter of Hugh de Breteuilde, 4th Count of Clermont and Marguerite de Ramerupt, Dame de Roucy) was born ca 1058, Northamptonshire, England; died ca 1125, England. [Group Sheet]

Notes:

Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert_Fitz_Richard

About 1088, Gilbert Fitz Richard, Lord of Clare married Adeliza/Alice de Claremont, daughter of Hugh, Count of Clermont, and Margaret de Roucy. Gilbert and Adeliza had at least eight children:

1. Richard Fitz Gilbert de Clare, d. 1136.

2. Gilbert Fitz Gilbert de Clare, d. 1148, 1st Earl of Pembroke.

3. Baldwin Fitz Gilbert de Clare, d. 1154, m. Adeline de Rollos.

4. Adelize/Alice de Clare, d. 1163, m. (ca. 1105), Aubrey II de Vere, son of Aubrey I de Vere and Beatrice. She had 9 children and in her widowhood was a paid pensioner at St. Osyth's, Chich, Essex.

5. Hervey de Clare, Lord of Montmorency.

6. Walter de Clare, d. 1149.

7. Margaret de Clare, d. 1185, m. (ca. 1108), Sir William de Montfitchet, Lord of Stansted Mountfitchet.

8. Rohese de Clare, d. 1149, m. (ca. 1130), Baderon of Monmouth

Notes:

Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranulf_le_Meschin,_3rd_Earl_of_Chester

He was a late 11th and early 12th-century Norman magnate based in northern and central England. Originating in Bessin in Normandy, Ranulf made his career in England thanks to his kinship with Hugh d'Avranches - the Earl of Chester, the patronage of kings William II Rufus and Henry I Beauclerc, and his marriage to Lucy, heiress of the Bolingbroke-Spalding estates in Lincolnshire.

Ranulf fought in Normandy on behalf of Henry I, and served the English king. After the death of his cousin Richard d'Avranches in the White Ship Disaster of November 1120, Ranulf became Earl of the county of Chester on the Anglo-Welsh marches. He held this position for the remainder of his life, and passed the title on to his son, Ranulf de Gernon.

Ranulf le Meschin's father and mother represented two different families of viscounts in Normandy, and both of them were strongly tied to Henry, son of William the Conqueror. His father was Ranulf de Briquessart, and likely for this reason the former Ranulf was styled le Meschin, "the younger." Ranulf's father was viscount of the Bessin, the area around Bayeux. Besides Odo, bishop of Bayeux, Ranulf the elder was the most powerful nobleman in the Bessin region of Normandy.

Ranulf le Meschin's mother, Margaret, was the daughter of Richard Goz. Richard's father Thurstan Goz had become viscount of the Hiémois between 1017 and 1025, while Richard himself became viscount of the Avranchin in either 1055 or 1056. Her brother (Richard Goz's son) was Hugh d'Avranches "Lupus" ("the Wolf"), Viscount of the Avranchin and Earl of Chester (from c. 1070). In addition to being heir to the Bessin, Ranulf was the nephew of one of Norman England's most powerful and prestigious families.

Between 1098 and 1101 (probably in 1098) Ranulf became a major English landowner in his own right when he became the third husband of Lucy, heiress of the lands of Bolingbroke in Lincolnshire. Marriage to a great heiress came only with royal patronage, which in turn meant that Ranulf had to be respected and trusted by the king. Ranulf was probably, like his father, among the earliest and most loyal of Henry's followers.

Ranulf was however not recorded often at the court of Henry I, and did not form part of the king's closest group of administrative advisers. He witnessed charters only occasionally, though this became more frequent after he became earl. Ranulf was, however, one of the king's military companions. When, soon after Whitsun 1101 Henry heard news of a planned invasion of England by his brother Robert Curthose, he sought promises from his subjects to defend the kingdom. A letter to the men of Lincolnshire names Ranulf as one of four figures entrusted with collecting these oaths. Ranulf served under Henry as an officer of the royal household when the latter was on campaign; Ranulf was in fact one of his three commanders at the Battle of Tinchebrai.

1120 was a fateful year for both Henry I and Ranulf. Richard, earl of Chester, like Henry's son and heir William Adeling, died in the White Ship Disaster near Barfleur on 25 November. Only four days before the disaster, Ranulf and his cousin Richard had witnessed a charter together at Cerisy. Henry probably could not wait long to replace Richard, as the Welsh were resurgent, raiding Cheshire, looting, killing, and burning two castles. Perhaps because of his recognized military ability and social strength, because he was loyal and because he was the closest male relation to Earl Richard, Henry recognized Ranulf as Richard's successor to the county of Chester.

In 1123, Henry sent Ranulf to Normandy with a large number of knights and with his bastard son, Robert, Earl of Gloucester, to strengthen the garrisons there. He also assisted in the capture of Waleran, Count of Meulan.

Although Ranulf bore the title "earl of Chester", the honor (i.e., group of estates) which formed the holdings of the Earl of Chester were scattered throughout England with only only a quarter of the value of the estates actually lay in Cheshire, which was one of England's poorest and least developed counties. Estates elsewhere were probably given to the earls in compensation for Cheshire's poverty, with the possibility of conquest and booty in Wales to supplement the lordship's wealth.

Ranulf died in January 1129, and was buried in Chester Abbey. He was survived by his wife and countess, Lucy, and succeeded by his son Ranulf de Gernon. A daughter, Alicia, married Richard de Clare, a lord in the Anglo-Welsh marches. One of his offspring, his fifth son, participated in the Siege of Lisbon, and for this aid was granted the Lordship of Azambuja by King Afonso I of Portugal.

Ranulf distributed land to the church, founding a Benedictine monastic house at Wetheral. This he established as a daughter-house of St Mary's Abbey, York.

Ranulf married Lucy of Bolingbroke. Lucy was born , Lincolnshire; died ca 1138, Spalding, Lincolnshire; was buried , Spalding Priory, Spalding, Lincolnshire. [Group Sheet]

Notes:

Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucy_of_Bolingbroke

Also known as Lucia, she was an Anglo-Norman heiress in central England and, later in life, Countess of Chester. She came to possess extensive lands in Lincolnshire which she passed on to her husbands and sons. She was a notable religious patron, founding or co-founding two small religious houses and endowing several with lands and churches.

There is much confusion about Lucy's ancestry in earlier writings, recent historians tend to believe that she was the daughter of Thorold, sheriff of Lincoln, by a daughter of William Malet (died 1071). She inherited a huge group of estates centred on Spalding in Lincolnshire, probably inherited from both the Lincoln and the Malet family. This group of estates have come to be called the "Honor of Bolingbroke."

The heiress Lucy was married to three different husbands, all of whom she outlived. The first was to Ivo Taillebois, around 1083. Ivo took over her lands as husband, and seems in addition to have been granted estates and extensive authority in Westmorland and Cumberland. Ivo died in 1094

The second marriage was to one Roger de Roumare or Roger fitz Gerold, with whom she had one son, William de Roumare (future Earl of Lincoln), who inherited some of her land. William was the ancestor of the de Roumare family of Westmorland. Roger died in either 1097 or 1098.

Before 1101, she was married to Ranulf le Meschin, her last and longest marriage. A son Ranulf de Gernon, succeeded his father to the earldom of Chester (which Ranulf acquired in 1121) and a daughter, Alice, married Richard de Clare.

Upon her death, most of the Lincolnshire lands she inherited passed to her older son William de Roumare, while the rest passed to Ranulf II of Chester (forty versus twenty knights' fees). The 1130 pipe roll informs us that Lucy had paid King Henry I 500 marks after her last husband's death for the right not to have to remarry. She died around 1138.

Lucy, as widowed countess, founded the convent of Stixwould in 1135, becoming, in the words of one historian, "one of the few aristocratic women of the late eleventh and twelfth centuries to achieve the role of independent lay founder." Her religious patronage however centered on Spalding Priory, a religious house for which her own family was the primary patron. In 1135, Lucy, now widowed for the last time, granted the priory her own manor of Spalding for the permanent use of the monks. The records indicate that Lucy went to great effort to ensure that, after her own death, her sons would honour and uphold her gifts.

Buried:
This is the most likely place for her burial given her patronage. The priory was re-founded in 1074 as a dependent priory of St. Nicholas's Abbey, Angers. In 1540 when the house was surrendered at the dissolution and the ruins disappeared.

Notes:

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_fitz_Gilbert

He was a Norman lord who participated in the Norman conquest of England in 1066. He was the son of Gilbert, Count of Brionne in Normandy. Gilbert was a guardian of the young duke William and when he was killed by Ralph de Wacy in 1040, his two older sons Richard and Gilbert fled to Flanders.

On his later return to Normandy Richard was rewarded with the lordship of Bienfaite and Orbec in Normandy. In 1066, Richard came into England with his kinsman William the Conqueror, and received from him great advancement in honour and possessions. Richard Fitz Gilbert is the earliest identifiable ancestor of the family, and is once referred to as Richard of Clare in the Domesday Book for Suffolk.

He was rewarded with 176 lordships and large grants of land in England, including the right to build the castles of Clare and of Tonbridge. Richard Fitz Gilbert received the lordship of Clare, in Suffolk, where parts of the wall of Clare Castle still stand. He was thus Lord of Clare. He served as Joint Chief Justiciar in William's absence, and played a major part in suppressing the revolt of 1075.

On the Conqueror's death, Richard and other great Norman barons, including Odo of Bayeux, Robert, Count of Mortain, William Fitz Osbern and Geoffrey of Coutances, led a rebellion against the rule of King William Rufus in order to place Robert Curthose on the throne. However, most Normans in England remained loyal. William Rufus and his army successfully attacked the rebel strongholds at Tonbridge, Pevensey and Rochester.

Richard married Rohese Giffard, daughter of Walter Giffard, Lord of Longueville and Agnes Flaitel, and they had the following children:

1. Roger Fitz Richard de Clare, received Norman lands and d. 1131, apparently without children.

2. Gilbert fitz Richard, d. 1115, succeeded his father as Earl of Clare.

3. Walter de Clare, Lord of Nether Gwent, d. 1138.

4. Isabel de Clare, d. 1088, m. Humphrey d'Isle.

5. Richard Fitz Richard de Clare, Abbot of Ely.

6. Robert Fitz Richard, Lord of Little Dunmow, Baron of Baynard, d. 1136.

7. Alice (or Adeliza) de Clare, d. 1138. m. Walter Tirel.

8. Rohese de Clare, d. 1121, m. (ca. 1088), Eudo Dapifer.

He was buried in St. Neot's Priory in 1091. His widow was still living in 1113. His lands were inherited by his son, Gilbert Fitz Richard.

Buried:
Grave location, biography, photo of church and coat of arms:
http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=89091104

Richard married Rohese de Giffard. Rohese (daughter of Walter de Giffard, 3rd Count of Longueville and Ermentrude Flaitel) was born ca 1034, Longueville, Île-de-France, France; died 1118, St. Neots, Cambridgeshire, England; was buried , St. Neots Priory, St Neots, Cambridgeshire, England. [Group Sheet]

Notes:

Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rohese_Giffard

Sometimes called Rose or Rohais, she was a Norman noblewoman in the late 11th and early 12th century.

Giffard was the daughter of Walter Giffard. Her maternal grandfather was Gerard Fleitel. Walter Giffard was the lord of Longueville-sur-Scie in upper Normandy.

Giffard was the wife of Richard fitzGilbert, the son of Gilbert, Count of Brionne. Domesday Book records him as the eighth richest landowner in England, with lands centered on two locations ? lands in Kent and Surrey grouped around Tonbridge and lands in Essex and Suffolk grouped around Clare.

Their children were Roger, Gilbert, Walter, Robert, Richard,Godfrey, Rohese (or Rohais), and Adelisa. Roger received the Norman lands after Richard FitzGilbert's death, Gilbert received his father's English lands, Walter was given a Welsh lordship by King Henry I of England, and Robert was given lands around London by King Henry I. Richard became a monk at Bec Abbey and was later abbot of Ely Abbey. The last son, Godfrey, is known only from his burial at Clare. Rohais married Eudo Dapifer and Adelisa married Walter Tire.

Giffard occurs in Domesday Book as a landowner in her own right. Richard died between 1085 and 1087, as his son Gilbert witnesses a charter of King William II of England in that year. Rohese survived him and was still alive in 1113, when she gave a gift to St Neot's Priory which had been founded as a dependent priory of Bec on Rohese's own manor of Eynesbury. Rohese's descendants eventually were the heirs to the lands held by her father, receiving half the estates of Long Crendon in Buckinghamshire in the reign of King Richard I of England (r. 1189-1199).

Buried:
Grave location, biography, and graveyard photo:
http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=159273740

Notes:

From Find A Grave

Hugh de Breteuil, 4th Count of Clermont-en-Beauvaisis, Lord of Luzarches, was the son of Ronald de Breteuil, 3rd Count of Clermont-en-Beauvaisis (1010-1088) and Ermengardis de Clermont, Dame de Clermont-en-Beauvaisis (1008-1050). He married Marguerite de Ramerupt, Dame de Roucy (1045-1110), daughter of Hildouin de Ramerupt IV, Count of Montdidier et de Roucy (1010-1063) and had six children by that marriage:

1. Adeliza de Breteuil
2. Ermentrude de Breteuil
3. Béatrix de Breteuil, Dame de Luzarches
4. Richilde de Breteuil
5. Renaud de Breteuil II, 5th Count of Clermont-en-Beauvaisis
6. Guiselle ou Gisèle de Breteuil

Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counts_of_Clermont-en-Beauvaisis

House of Creil

The nobility from the House of Creil were also know as those "of Clermont." Thus, Hugh de Breteuil is also know as "Hugh of Clermont" to history. This is true for his descendants as well.

Buried:
Grave location, biography, and photo of church:
http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=160236090

Hugh married Marguerite de Ramerupt, Dame de Roucy. Marguerite was born 06 Dec 1045, Montdidier, Picardie, France; died 1110, Beauvais, Picardie, France; was buried , Clermont de l'Oise, Clermont, Picardie, France. [Group Sheet]

Notes:

From Find A Grave

Marguerite de Ramerupt, Dame de Roucy, was the daughter of Hildouin de Ramerupt IV, Count of Montdidier et de Roucy (1010-1063) and Adelaide de Roucy, Countess of Montdidier (1015-1062). She married Hugh de Breteuil, 4th Count of Clermont-en-Beauvaisis, Lord of Luzarches (1030-1101) and had six children by that marriage:

1. Adeliza de Breteuil
2. Ermentrude de Breteuil
3. Béatrix de Breteuil, Dame de Luzarches
4. Richilde de Breteuil
5. Renaud de Breteuil II, 5th Count of Clermont-en-Beauvaisis
6. Guiselle ou Gisèle de Breteuil

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebles_I_of_Roucy

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counts_of_Clermont-en-Beauvaisis

Buried:
Grave location, biography, and photo of church:
http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=160236601